MYTHIC BEASTS & BEINGS: THE NYMPHS OF ANCIENT GREECE

MYTHIC BEASTS & BEINGS: THE NYMPHS OF ANCIENT GREECE

Kate Belew Kate Belew
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Celebrated as personifications in nature, nymphs are maidens, creatures, beings who run wild through the pages of Greek mythology and lore. Groups of nymphs are often tied to a specific aspect of the wilderness. You might come across a Dryad, a nymph of the forest, or an Oceanid, a sea nymph. There are also Hamadryads, or tree nymphs; Naiads, nymphs of springs and rivers; or Oreads, nymphs of the mountains. You might discover Alseids, nymphs who call groves home, and  Leimoniads who traipse through open meadows. Meliads are nymphs tied explicitly to ash trees, and Napaea nymphs can be found in the valleys. 

Within these groups, a few nymphs are more notorious than others, for their stories are remembered by us today. Meet the nymphs Echo, Harmonia, Daphne, and Calypso, ancient beings who transform, haunt, remind us of our magic, and urge us to spend time in the wilds, embracing our nymph-like callings. 

The Nymph Echo, the voice across the mountains 

Once upon a Greek myth, the Oread Echo, spent her days flitting about Mount Cithaeron. The God Zeus, the unfaithful husband of Hera, also enjoyed spending his days there, allowing the hours to pass by with the beautiful nymphs who called the mountain home. One day, Hera, enraged with her husband, arrived at the mountain bearing punishment for the nymph. Zeus ordered Echo to be faithful to him, and so Hera’s wrath made it so Echo could only ever repeat the last words spoken to her, an eternal echo. Because of this, Echo is forced to watch Narcissus fall in love with himself, unable to speak. And it’s said that the god of the woodland, Pan chased her, echoing across the mountains in pursuit of the nymph's beauty, but now all that remains is her voice. 

The Nymph Harmonia, the mother of the Amazons 

Harmonia is remembered for creating the fearsome warriors, the Amazons. Either a Dryad or Naiad, this being could be found in the Akmonian Wood near Themiskyra. Thermiskyra would come to be known as the sacred home of the Amazons, the female warriors on the Black Sea coast of Anatolia. It is said that Harmonia fell in love and that love was returned by the fearsome God of War, Ares. And that through their love, she bore the Amazon's first queen, Otrera. Her name was honored each time the Amazons went to battle, for harmony in military formation would always lead to success. 

The Nymph Daphne, the transformation myth

Before becoming a Laurel tree, Daphne was a naiad, the daughter of a Thessalian river god. Taking after the Goddess Artemis, Daphne chose to spend her days wandering through the forest and tending to her wild, rejecting any proposals that came her way from would-be husbands. Upon first sight, Apollo lusted after the nymph and tirelessly pursued her until reaching the bank of the ancient river. Daphne called to her ancient god of a father for his assistance. To help her, he transformed her into a Laurel tree. Apollo's priestesses would then use the leaves at Delphi for prophecy. The Laurel also became the symbol of victory and achievement. 

The Nymph Calypso, enchantress of the Odyssey

Calypso, either Nereid or Oceanid, the nymph, was born to the Titan Atlas, and some theorize Pleione, mother of the Pleiades. Calypso is known for her relationship with the famed Odysseus, whom she enchants on her island of Ogygia for seven years, intending to keep him as her immortal husband. Odysseus prays to his patron Goddess Athena, and because of this, Zeus sends Hermes to instruct the Nymph to let him go. And so, Calypso gives Odysseus all the tools he needs to craft a ship and beckons the winds forth to take him home.


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